Fabrication of improved flexural strength C/SiC composites via LA-CVI method using optimized spacing of mass transfer channels

The traditional chemical vapor infiltration (CVI) method still faces massive challenge in improving the densification owing to its unavoidable bottleneck effect. Herein, laser assisted-chemical vapor infiltration (LA-CVI) was introduced to fabricate C/SiC composites with mass transfer channels. As a result, the densities of the C/SiC composites were improved due to the dense band formed during the LA-CVI process. Also, with different spacing of mass transfer channels, C/SiC composites exhibited enhanced degree of densification varying from 2.10 to 2.23 g/cm³. When the spacing of channels was 3 mm, the maximum value of flexural strength reached 528 ± 12 MPa. Additionally, micro-CT and finite element analysis were empolyed to investigate dense band and density gradient in detail. The results show that C/SiC composites prepared via LA-CVI method with suitable spacing of channels had improved density and great flexural strength. The proposed method provides a novel route for the preparation of ceramic matrix composites with high density.     

塔山矿新型27 mm高强玻璃钢锚杆技术应用

由于塔山矿回采巷道均为放顶煤开采，矿压显现明显，巷道断面大，在回采过程中尾顺槽围岩变形量大，致使使用传统普通玻璃钢锚杆支护时出现杆体被拉断、杆体尾部被剪断等支护失效现象。为了解决上述问题，采用新型27 mm高强玻璃钢锚杆对塔山矿8112工作面进行试验。试验结果表明，在保证采掘安全的前提下，使用新型锚杆取代普通锚杆，可以大大提高巷道支护的稳定性，节约巷道支护成本，保证施工工期正常完成，同时提高工作面回采效率。采用新型锚杆后，使巷道支护兼具安全、经济双重效益，同时对全矿井以及其他所有同类型矿井类似回采巷道，具有积极的推广和借鉴意义。     

P91钢管道异常低硬度部位的组织和性能

对电厂运行过程中发现的P91钢主蒸汽管道的低硬度部位进行了微观组织观察、短时力学性能试验和高温持久强度试验,分析了其硬度偏低的原因。结果表明,低硬度区域P91钢组织为铁素体+析出物,位错密度较低,M₂₃C₆相在晶界处粗化聚集,同时析出新相Laves相,使得P91钢的短时力学性能和高温持久强度下降严重。     

缓冷出口温度对连续退火SPCC冷轧薄板屈服强度的影响

研究了缓冷出口温度对连续退火SPCC冷轧薄板组织和屈服强度的影响。结果表明:连续退火SPCC冷轧薄板的组织由等轴的铁素体晶粒和晶界处的块状渗碳体及晶粒内的颗粒状渗碳体组成。随着缓冷出口温度从680 ℃提高至700 ℃,平均晶粒尺寸从10.1 μm增加至12.5 μm;此外,提高缓冷出口温度还能够抑制晶界处块状渗碳体的形成,促进晶粒内细小渗碳体更加细小弥散的析出。当缓冷出口温度从680 ℃提高至700 ℃时,冷轧薄板的屈服强度约降低了28 MPa。     

离子液体/低共熔溶剂在煤基液体分离中的应用

为了实现煤基液体各组分利用价值最大化，本文综述了离子液体和低共熔溶剂对组分组成复杂的煤基液体进行高效萃取分离的研究进展。首先介绍了离子液体和低共熔溶剂的性质及分类；其次根据分离目标的不同，将离子液体和低共熔溶剂对煤基液体典型组分的萃取分离分为四个方面进行阐述：煤基液体提酚、燃料油萃取脱硫、燃料油萃取脱氮、芳烃和脂肪烃的分离。分析表明，离子液体和低共熔溶剂对实际煤基液体的提酚效果较好，能分离出绝大多数的酚类化合物；燃料油萃取脱硫时，离子液体和低共熔溶剂对实际煤基液体的单次脱硫率均不高，需3～5次重复萃取后才能获得理想效果；燃料油中的碱性及非碱性含氮化合物很难被同一种离子液体或低共熔溶剂一次性分离出，导致实际油品的脱氮率较低；大多数离子液体和低共熔溶剂进行芳烃和脂肪烃的分离时不能获得理想的分配系数和选择性，尚无法用于实际芳烃和脂肪烃的分离。氢键、π-π、CH-π、范德华力等分子间相互作用的差异是实现离子液体或低共熔溶剂进行煤基液体典型组分分离的主要原因。依据分离对象，设计合适的离子液体和低共熔溶剂，提高实际煤基液体分离时的萃取率和选择性；分析并解决离子液体和低共熔溶剂用于实际煤基液体各组分分离时可能出现的问题，势必会推进煤基液体高值化分离的工业化进程。     

工艺参数对6061-T6铝合金真空扩散焊接接头形貌和性能的影响

在不同工艺参数下对化学清洗去除表面氧化膜的6061-T6铝合金进行真空扩散焊接,研究了焊接温度(500~560℃)、焊接压力(1.0~5.0MPa)和保温时间(0.5~3h)对焊接接头界面形貌和剪切强度的影响,得到了优化工艺参数。结果表明:随着焊接温度的升高、焊接压力的增大和保温时间的延长,接头焊缝变窄并最终消失,剪切强度和焊合率增大;但当保温时间延长到3h时,焊缝附近晶粒发生粗化,导致剪切强度降低,且接头发生较大变形;不同工艺参数下接头的剪切断裂形式均为脆性断裂;较优的真空扩散焊接工艺参数为焊接温度540℃、保温时间2h、焊接压力4.0MPa。     

Experimental investigation on the mechanical,structural and thermal properties of Cu–ZrO2 nanocomposites hybridized by graphene nanoplatelets

Hybrid Cu–ZrO₂/GNPs nanocomposites were successfully produced using powder metallurgy technique. The effect of GNPs mass fraction, 0, 0.5, 1 and 1.5%, on the mechanical and electrical properties of the produced hybrid nanocomposite was investigated while maintaining ZrO₂ mass fraction constant at 5%. High-energy ball milling was applied for mixing powders followed by compaction and sintering. The morphological analysis of the produced powder showed acceleration of Cu particles fracture during ball milling with the addition of GNPs up to 0.5% with noticeable reduction of agglomeration size. Moreover, the crystallite size of Cu–5%ZrO₂/0.5%GNPs hybrid nanocomposites revealed smaller crystallite size, 142 nm, compared to 300 nm for Cu–5%ZrO₂ nanocomposite. Additionally, the hybrid nanocomposite with 0.5% GNPs shows homogeneous distribution of both reinforcement phases in the sintered samples. The compressive strength increased with the GNPs content and reached 504.6 MPa at 0.5%, 31% higher than the Cu-5%ZO₂. The thermal conductivity had the maximum value at 0.5 wt%GNPs and reached 345 W/m k. The results provide efficient manufacturing process for high strength and good conductivity hybrid nanocomposites, which is applicable in many structural applications such as heat exchange purposes.     

Strength and dilatancy behaviors of deep sands in Shanghai with a focus on grain size and shape effect

With rapid development of infrastructures like tunnels and open excavations in Shanghai, investigations on deeper soils have become critically important. Most of the existing laboratory works were focused on the clayey strata up to Layer 6 in Shanghai, i.e. at depth of up to 40 m. In this paper, Layers 7, 9, and 11, which were mostly formed of sandy soils at depth of up to 150 m, were experimentally investigated with respect to physico-mechanical behaviors. The stress–strain behaviors were analyzed by the consolidated drained/undrained (CD/CU) triaxial tests under monotonic loading. One-dimensional (1D) oedometer tests were performed to investigate the consolidation properties of the sandy soils. Specimens were prepared at three different relative densities for each layer. Also, the micro-images and particle size analyzers were used to analyze the shape and size of the sand grains. The influences of grain size, density, and angularity on the stress–strain behaviors and compressibility were also studied. Compared to the other layers, Layer 11 had the smallest mean grain size (D₅₀), highest compressibility, and lowest shear strength. In contrast, Layer 9 had the largest mean grain size, lowest compressibility, and highest shear strength. Layer 7 was of intermediate mean grain size, exhibiting more compressibility and less shear strength than that of Layer 9. Also, the critical state parameters and maximum dilatancy rate of different layers were discussed.     

热轧双相钢生产现状、存在问题及发展趋势浅析

介绍了国内外热轧双相钢的发展现状；对热轧双相钢的成分体系和关键生产工艺进行了总结，指出了目前热轧双相钢在生产过程中存在的问题；提出了未来热轧双相钢的主要发展方向为低成本、高强度、低负荷、高表面质量和“以热代冷”。     

355 MPa级转向架构架用钢连续冷却转变行为

高速动车组转向架构架对高速动车组的运行品质、行车安全起到至关重要的作用。为向355 MPa级转向架构架用钢的工业试制提供指导，在Gleeble-3800热模拟试验机上进行了热模拟试验，结合热膨胀法和金相-硬度法，绘制了355 MPa级转向架构架用钢动态连续冷却转变曲线，研究了试验钢在连续冷却条件下的显微组织演变规律。结果表明，冷速小于1 ℃/s时，其组织主要为多边形铁素体和珠光体；冷速大于5 ℃/s时，贝氏体类组织快速增加；冷速达到50 ℃/s时，为板条贝氏体组织。因此，对于355 MPa级转向架构架用钢，冷速控制在1~5 ℃/s较为适宜，其组织主要由比例适中软硬性相结合的铁素体、珠光体和贝氏体构成，可以获得优良的强韧性匹配。